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7 Lower respiratory tract conditions

Objectives

When you have completed this unit you should be able to:

  • Give the signs of breathing difficulty and respiratory distress.
  • List the important lower respiratory tract conditions.
  • Diagnose these conditions.
  • Understand the causes and possible prevention of these conditions.
  • Provide primary management of these conditions.
  • Describe a syndromic approach to a child with a cough.
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Item Title
7-1 What is the lower respiratory tract?
7-2 What are the signs of breathing difficulty?
7-3 What are the signs of respiratory distress?
7-4 What is stridor?
7-5 What is chest indrawing?
7-6 What is a wheeze?
7-7 How can you tell when a child is breathing too fast?
7-8 What is central cyanosis?
7-9 What is viral croup?
7-10 What are the presenting signs of viral croup?
7-11 How is the degree of stridor assessed?
7-12 What is the correct management of viral croup?
7-13 What is bronchitis?
7-14 What are the symptoms and signs of acute bronchitis?
7-15 What is the management of acute bronchitis?
7-16 What is bronchiolitis?
7-17 What are the signs of bronchiolitis?
7-18 What is the correct management of bronchiolitis?
7-19 When should children with bronchiolitis be referred to hospital?
7-20 What is pneumonia?
7-21 What are the causes of pneumonia?
7-22 What are the symptoms and signs of pneumonia?
7-23 Should all children with pneumonia have chest X-rays?
7-24 Is pneumonia a serious infection?
7-25 How can you recognise severe pneumonia?
7-26 What is the correct management of pneumonia?
7-27 What antibiotics are used in pneumonia?
7-28 What is asthma?
7-29 How common is asthma?
7-30 What are the symptoms of asthma?
7-31 What are the clinical signs of asthma?
7-32 What is the cause of asthma?
7-33 How do inherited factors increase the risk of asthma?
7-34 What is allergy?
7-35 What trigger factors may start an attack of asthma?
7-36 How is asthma diagnosed?
7-37 How is the severity of asthma graded?
7-38 What is the correct management of asthma?
7-39 How is the severity of acute asthma assessed?
7-40 How should acute asthma be treated?
7-41 What should you do if there is no response?
7-42 How should inhaled and nebulised drugs be given?
7-43 How can repeated attacks of asthma be prevented?
7-44 How can trigger factors be avoided?
7-45 What education and support is useful in asthma?
7-46 What is the syndromic approach to acute respiratory tract disorders?
7-47 What are the important causes of a cough?
7-48 What is the management of a cough?
7-49 What signs of breathing difficulty suggest specific diagnoses?
7-50 When and how should oxygen be given?
 
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